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在第二章中，我们学习了Budyko的能量平衡气候模型（Simple Energy Balance Climate Model），并用此模型来讨论了存在冰雪线的情况下，气候系统的稳定性问题。冰雪线的南北移动会引起行星反照率及热量的动力 ...

# [[Simple energy balance climate model]] [Due: 2010.10.25] ([http://lamda.nju.edu.cn/yinyt/n # [[Energy cycle and E-P flux]] [Due: 2010.12.22] (See Assign3 for sample figures) ...

[[Star]]<nowiki/>s, [[Galaxy|galaxies]] and other objects emit energy in the form of [[radiation]]. It is [[Measurement|measure]]<nowiki/>d in [[ ...

...ve out [[energy]]. These are [[exothermic reaction]]s. In other reactions, energy is taken in. These are [[endothermic reaction]]s. ...

...frequency [[angular momentum]]) and the highest (''i.e.'', zero) potential energy (zero&#8209;frequency angular momentum).]] ...ous and Metamorphic Petrology]. John Wiley & Sons, 2013, p. 21. "Potential energy can be equated with the amount of work required to move a body from one po ...

It must have finite energy. ...

A '''water turbine''' is a rotary [[engine]] that takes energy from moving water. ...d for [[electric power]] generation. They harness a clean and [[renewable energy]] source. ...

# [[Assignment 2, Fall 2023|Simple energy balance climate model]] [Due:2023.11.2] [[Namelist_Assignment_2_2023|上交作业人员 *能量和水汽循环 (Angular momentum, energy and water vapor)（2课时） ...

# [[Assignment 2, Fall 2019|Simple energy balance climate model]] [Due:2019.10.23] *能量和水汽循环 (Angular momentum, energy and water vapor)（2课时） ...

...]] that contain an [[electric field]] and a [[magnetic field]] and carry [[energy]]. They travel at the [[speed of light]].<ref>This is always defined as the ...differ in [[wavelength]], [[frequency]] and [[Quantum mechanics|quantum]] energy. ...

# [[Assignment 2, Fall 2022|Simple energy balance climate model]] [Due:2022.10.27<font color="red"> extended to 2022. *能量和水汽循环 (Angular momentum, energy and water vapor)（2课时） ...

The '''Planck constant''' ('''Planck's constant''') links the amount of [[energy]] a [[photon]] carries with the [[frequency]] of its [[electromagnetic wave ...nck constant has [[dimensional analysis|dimensions]] of physical action: [[energy]] multiplied by [[time]], or [[momentum]] multiplied by [[distance]]. In [[ ...

# [[Assignment 2, Fall 2021|Simple energy balance climate model]] [Due:2021.11.4][http://tcs.nju.edu.cn/yzhang/Assign *能量和水汽循环 (Angular momentum, energy and water vapor)（2课时） ...

== Mass, energy and momentum == In special relativity, the [[momentum]] <math>p</math> and the total [[energy]] <math>E</math> of an object as a function of its [[mass]] <math>m</math> ...

# [[Assignment 2, Fall 2020|Simple energy balance climate model]] [Due:2020.11.25] [[Namelist_Assignment2_2020|上交作业人员 *能量和水汽循环 (Angular momentum, energy and water vapor)（2课时） ...

# [[Assignment 2, Fall 2019|Simple energy balance climate model]] [Due:2019.10.23] <font color="red" size="1.5">[Exte *能量和水汽循环 (Angular momentum, energy and water vapor)（2课时） ...

*角动量、能量和水汽循环 (Angular momentum, energy and water vapor)（3课时） ...

...=9780435046736|page=59}}</ref> Greenhouse gases trap [[Thermal energy|heat energy]]. Greenhouse gases change the [[climate]] and [[weather]] on our [[planet] Carbon dioxide is an end product in organisms that obtain energy from breaking down sugars, fats and [[amino acid]]s with [[oxygen]] as part ...

...[photon]]s. Photons are like packets. Each one has a certain little bit of energy. ...a '[[wavelength]].' Each photon carries a certain amount, or 'quantum', of energy depending on its wavelength. ...

...). Certain branches of [[physics]] such as [[quantum physics]] and [[high energy physics]] use ''i'' as often as they use any other regular number. Many e ...

...cite web|url=http://www.iter.org/mach/magnets |title=ITER - the way to new energy |accessdate=19 April 2012}}</ref> ...

An '''electron shell'''<ref>also known as a '''main energy level'''</ref> is the outside part of an [[atom]] around the atomic [[Nucle ...

...eft) causes each scatterer (e.g. [[electron]]) to re-radiate a part of its energy as a spherical wave. <br/>If atoms are arranged [[symmetry|symmetrically]] ...

Voltage is how much energy is between two points on a circuit. These two points have different charges ...

...hotoelectric effect]] shows that a [[light]] [[photon]] which has enough [[energy]] (a high enough [[frequency]]), can cause an electron to be released off a ...

...cle to come from a less massive particle; the extra mass comes from stored energy via Einstein's famous formula, <math>E=mc^2</math>. After the 3x10<sup>-25< ...

...and <math>X_2</math>. This law also gives rise to an uncertainty between [[energy]] and time, which can be expressed in the same way as the relation between ...

...e|A]]⁻¹, which can be equally represented as one [[joule]] of [[energy]] per [[coulomb]] of charge, J/C. ...

...trol of which gave [[wikt:human|humans]] a new and very powerful source of energy, and [[quantum tunneling]], which is an operating principle of the [[wikt:s ...rticular]] orbits, then more photons will be [[wikt:emit|emitted]] at that energy [[wikt:level|level]], and so the light produced at that level will be the m ...

:{{math|''k''}} is a constant (with units of energy divided by temperature). ...

...ict how the product of the reaction is made up and the [[Activation energy|energy]] needed for the reaction. ...

...ganic compounds such as [[tholin]]s when [[bombardment|bombarded]] by high-energy particles.<ref name=compounds>{{cite web |last=Overbye |first=Roger |date=A ...

...e and the heat flow in the system. This law states that the amount of heat energy passing through a small portion of an area (A) of a material, which is call ...

...problem to its simplest form making it easier to solve difficult problems. Energy is ''e'', force is ''f'', mass is ''m'', acceleration is ''a'' and speed of ...

The negative sign is needed for conservation of energy. It is so important that it even has its own name, [[Lenz's law]]. ...