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...set of elements is the set of prime [[divisor]]s of ''n''. For example the number ''120'' has the [[factorisation|prime factorisation]] ...example, has two solutions. However, in some cases they are both the same number. Thus the multiset of solutions of the equation could be { 3, 5 }, or it c ...

Mathematics is the study of [[number]]s, [[shape]]s and [[pattern]]s. The word is sometimes shortened to '''mat === Number === ...

...also worked with the number, and tried, unsuccessfully, to approximate the number to 32 decimal places, making mistakes on five digits. <ref>{{cite web|last= ...function]], which gives the greatest integer less than or equal to a given number. ...

...nd so is a set with one hundred things in it. A set with all the [[natural number]]s (counting numbers) in it is countable too. It's [[infinite]] but if som Countable sets include all sets with a [[finite set|finite]] number of members, no matter how many. ...

...series of special numbers: 2, 1729 etc. A taxicab number is the smallest number that can be expressed as the sum of two positive cubes in ''n'' distinct wa ...n]], who was ill. Both men were mathematicians and liked to think about [[number]]s. ...

...search problems in graphs, and has theoretical significance in complexity theory. ...the current position, and another <math>O(\log n)</math> bits to count the number of steps. So the total space used by the algorithm inaddition to the input ...

...have opposite [[charge]] and properties, such as [[lepton]] and [[baryon]] number. ...rgy a given piece of something has. Since the speed of light is such a big number, this means that even a small amount of matter can have a lot of energy (it ...

...nction is said to be '''discontinuous'''. Functions defined on the [[real number]]s, with one input and one output variable, will show as an ''uninterrupted ...continuity: Suppose that there is a function ''f'', defined on the [[real number]]s. At the point <math>x_0</math> the function will have the value <math>f( ...

...<math>\left \{ a^{n}\right\}</math>, where <math>n\,</math> is a [[natural number]] and <math>a^n\,</math> means <math>a\,</math> repeated <math>n\,</math> t | title = Introduction to Automata Theory, Languages, and Computation ...

...of some [[formal language]] a unique [[natural number]] called a '''Gödel number (GN)'''. The concept was first used by [[Kurt Gödel]] for the proof of his ...]]s can then represent some form or function. A [[numbering (computability theory)|numbering]] of the set of [[computable function]]s can then be represented ...

A '''Wilson prime''' is a special kind of [[prime number]]. A prime number ''p'' is a Wilson prime if (and only if [ [[iff]] ]) ...is a [[positive number|positive]] [[integer]] (sometimes called [[natural number]]). Wilson primes were first described by [[Emma Lehmer]].<ref>[http://www. ...

...stand how anything can be both a wave and a particle, scientists do have a number of [[equation]]s for describing these things that have variables for both [ == Basic theory == ...

* {''x'' | ''x'' is a natural number & ''x'' < 4}. ...poken English, that is: "the set of all ''x'' such that ''x'' is a natural number and ''x'' is less than four". ...

The axiom foundation of probability theory is laid by [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrey_Kolmogorov Kolmogorov], one ...\mathbb{R}</math> is a function that maps each event to a nonnegative real number, satisfying ...

...bility theory]] and [[statistics]], the '''median''' is a [[number]]. This number has the property that it divides a set of observed values in two equal halv ...n, at position 7. With an [[even number]] of values, as there is no single number which divides all of the numbers to two halves, the median is defined as th ...

...umber)|15]] [[16 (number)|16]] [[17 (number)|17]] [[18 (number)|18]] [[19 (number)|19]] &nbsp; [[twenty|20]] &nbsp; ...umber)|25]] [[26 (number)|26]] [[27 (number)|27]] [[28 (number)|28]] [[29 (number)|29]] &nbsp; [[thirty|30]] &nbsp; ...

...s small space as possible. We hope for a small space storing only constant number of items. (Interviewing problem of Theory Group in Microsoft Research Asia for student interns.) ...

...ath> satisfying the condition in the Ramsey theory is called the '''Ramsey number'''. Prove that: ...no red triangles and no blue <math>4</math>-cliques. Try to determine the number of red and blue edges adjacent to each vertex.) ...

[[File:Minkowski diagram - asymmetric.svg|thumb|In the theory of relativity both observers assign the event at A to different times.]] ...a spatial dimension, (the y-axis); unfortunately, this is the limit to the number of dimensions: graphing in four dimensions is impossible. The rule for grap ...

...nction]] whose value is [[0 (number)|zero]] for negative argument and [[1 (number)|one]] for positive argument. The function is used in the mathematics of [[control theory]] to represent a signal that switches on at a specified time and stays swit ...